Support & Bearing for Space Frame — Technical Introduction

Support & Bearing for Space Frame — Technical Introduction

I. Definition

A space frame support (also called a bearing or seat) is a key component that connects the space frame structure to the underlying support system (columns, concrete structures, or steel structures). It transfers vertical loads, horizontal forces, and temperature-induced movements safely and reliably to the main structure.

The support is an essential node of the space frame, directly influencing the overall load-bearing performance, deformation coordination, and structural safety of the system.

II. Main Functions of Space Frame Supports

1. Transfer of Vertical Loads

Transfers the self-weight of the space frame, roof loads, snow loads, etc., to the supporting structure.

2. Transfer of Horizontal Loads

Resists horizontal forces caused by wind loads and seismic effects.

3. Accommodation of Thermal Movement

Allows the space frame to expand or contract due to temperature changes, preventing additional stresses caused by excessive restraint.

4. Provide Node Stability

Ensures that boundary nodes of the space frame have adequate support stiffness.

5. Facilitate Installation and Adjustment

Supports often include fine-adjustment functions for leveling, elevation control, and horizontal alignment.

III. Types of Supports

Based on force transfer and displacement constraints, supports for space frames can be categorized as:

1. Fixed Support

• Restrains both horizontal and vertical displacement

• Carries vertical force, horizontal force, and partial bending moment

• Typically located near the geometric center of the frame

• Used to establish the structural reference point for stability

2. Sliding Support

• Allows movement in one or multiple directions

• Carries vertical load but does not resist horizontal force

• Commonly used for large-span roofs to release thermal expansion

3. Roller Support

• Allows free sliding in the intended direction

• Suitable for long-span structures with significant temperature variation

• Reduces boundary restraint between the frame and supporting columns

4. Pinned Support

• Restrains rotation but may permit displacement in certain directions

• Carries vertical load and limited horizontal force

A combination of different support types must be used to ensure stability and proper displacement coordination of the structure.

IV. Components of a Space Frame Support

A typical support set includes:

• Bearing plate / upper support plate

• Conical sleeve or node plate (connected to the space frame end)

• Load-transferring column or steel tube support

• Anchor bolts or welded connections

• Sliding layer materials (such as PTFE or nylon plate) for sliding supports

Depending on the space frame design, the following forms may be used:

• Spherical node support

• Flat plate support

• Conical node support

• Stiffened/custom reinforced support

V. Load-Bearing Characteristics of Supports

Space frame supports generally carry:

• Vertical compression (primary load)

• Horizontal shear (wind or seismic effects)

• Local bearing stresses

• Node bending moments (depending on node type)

• Additional displacements caused by temperature and shrinkage

Proper support arrangement can form a statically determinate or slightly indeterminate system, effectively avoiding unnecessary internal forces.

VI. Common Support Materials

VII. Design Considerations

• Vertical load capacity must satisfy load combination requirements

• Support arrangement should follow the principle: 1 fixed point + multiple sliding points

• Sliding direction must align with the main thermal expansion direction of the space frame

• The connection between upper and lower structures must meet shear and uplift resistance requirements

• Plate thickness must satisfy local bearing and stability requirements

• Welds must meet Grade II or Grade I quality standards, depending on design requirements

VIII. Construction and Installation Requirements

• High positioning accuracy: horizontal ±3 mm, elevation ±5 mm

• Embedded support components must be coordinated with the main structure in advance

• The upper surface of the support must be flat during installation

• Sliding surfaces must be clean and free of welding debris

• Check alignment between the support and the space frame after installation

• Perform initial tightening and re-tightening (if bolts are used) before final acceptance

IX. Advantages of Space Frame Supports

• Reliable load transfer

• Clear structural configuration and easy installation

• Accommodates thermal movement

• Prevents excessive boundary constraints

• Suitable for various applications such as roof space frames, corridor space frames, industrial plants, stadiums, and logistics warehouses

Dear customer,, hello! Thank you for choosing us and giving us the opportunity to introduce you. We are a professional space structure processing factory, focusing on the design and manufacturing of bolt ball grids, providing various types of space structures and space structure accessories. We strive to turn every space structure product into a work of art with our fine production technology and honest service attitude.

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Jiangsu Shengteng Steel Structure Engineering Co., Ltd.

September 25, 2023

Please note: The above content is for your reference only, and the specific content can be adjusted and modified according to your needs. At the same time, it is recommended that you read the terms of the contract carefully before signing the contract to ensure that you recognize and understand the content of the contract. We promise to design and provide data models for free, and you can check the project quantities at any time. If an imaginary quantity is found, we double the backoff. We are based on integrity and write the contract in black and white. You can also provide drawings, and we will process them according to the drawing list. It is recommended to use weighing for settlement, so that you can shop with peace of mind. We always adhere to the principle of "you get what you pay for", allowing you to choose with confidence.